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Protecting whales from ship strikes

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In the summer of 2022, I was walking on the beach at Half Moon Bay in California, when I saw the strangest thing approaching on the waves. When it struck the shore and deflated, I knew: it was a dead whale.

But it wasn’t just any whale. It was Fran.

“I knew this whale, and I’m like, Ohhhhh. It just hit my heart, because Fran, at the time, she was the most well-known whale in our entire database,” said Ted Cheeseman, the creator of HappyWhale.com. That’s a database of whale sightings, which includes more than 850 pictures of Fran the humpback whale, identified by her tail markings.

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Nobody knows exactly how many whales are ship-strike victims every year, but many whale species on the endangered species list are threatened by cruise and container ship traffic. 

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“She had a big personality,” said Cheeseman. “She was playful around whale watch boats. You know, you’d hear on the radio, ‘Hey, Fran’s over here!’ ‘Oh cool, you know, let’s go hang out with Fran!'”

Fran had a baby, known as Aria, who was now orphaned. “We didn’t know if the calf could survive,” Cheeseman said. “I didn’t think so. I didn’t think it was very likely.”

Fran died from a collision with one of the cruise ships and container ships that make more than 200 million trips a year.

According to Sean Hastings, a policy manager for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), ship strikes and entanglements in fishing gear were the number one and number two threats to whales.

Nobody knows exactly how many whales are ship-strike victims every year, because most of them sink after they’re hit. But blue whales, humpbacks, and fin whales are on the endangered list, and the Northern right whale is just about extinct – only about 350 of them are left on Earth.

“That’s why every whale counts, so that we can bring their populations back and help them recover,” Hastings said.

The good news is that the shipping companies themselves say they care.

“There’s no one in our industry that wants to see any one of these magnificent creatures harmed or killed by anything we do,” said Bud Darr, policy director for the world’s largest shipping company, MSC.

He showed me why ship captains can’t just steer clear of whales. The bow of even one of MSC’s smaller container ships is hundreds of feet away from where the captain sits. And even if you could spot a whale ahead, there’s not much you could do about it.

“The ship is an extremely large object,” said Darr. “It’s moving very fast, and it’s noisy. I mean, you may not know there was impact with a whale at all, if there was. Unfortunately, we’ve had whales that have remained on a bulbous bow of a ship when it’s come in.”

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The view from the bridge of a container ship. 

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One obvious solution: Move the shipping routes.  Darr said, “Off of Sri Lanka, we realized if we could just move where we operate, about 15 miles further offshore from where that was, you could reduce the risk [of strikes] by 95% or more.”

But the approach channels to most ports don’t have the room for rerouting. So, the second-best Idea is to slow the ships down, from about 18 mph to 12 mph. Hastings said, “By slowing ships down, it gives the whales more opportunity to get out of the way. And in the event that they are struck, there’s a higher likelihood of survivorship. This is much akin to having a slow-speed zone around a school.”

There’s an emissions payoff for the ports, too. “Slower ships emit less air pollution, and reduce the amount of greenhouse gases they emit out of their stacks,” Hastings said.

But rerouting and slowing down both require a key piece of data for the ship captains: Are there whales ahead? And that’s where technology comes in.

At the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, marine ecologist Mark Baumgartner’s lab operates a fleet of autonomous vehicles called Slocum Gliders that “fly” beneath the waves listening for whale song.

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Launching a Slochum Glider autonomous vehicle, which glides under the ocean’s surface to collect data, then transmits it to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. 

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“Every two hours, the vehicle comes to the surface, uses the antenna to send all that information home to a computer in my lab,” Baumgartner said.

He’s also deploying an array of microphone buoys. The whole point of all these machines is to listen for whale song.

Ship captains receive word of the whale locations from the buoys and gliders so they can slow down. But on the West Coast, slowing down is voluntary.

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Buoys from the Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory help collect whale data, to reduce collisions between ships and whales in the Santa Barbara Channel and San Francisco Bay. 

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At WhaleSafe.com, you can see the paths of the ships … the locations of the whales … and letter grades for shipping company compliance. About 30% of them still plow ahead full-speed, ignoring the warnings.

MSC’s Bud Darr can tell you why: “There is some impact on the schedule. There is some impact on cost that probably comes with that. And that takes a lot of sophistication and planning to mitigate that and get that right. But most of these solutions are manageable.”

Compliance is also voluntary on most of the East Coast, so ships continue to kill Northern right whales. NOAA has proposed a regulation that would make the slowdowns mandatory in more areas.

Mark Baumgartner is cautiously optimistic: “If I didn’t have a little bit of hope, I’d just go home and curl up in a ball and be done with it,” he said. “So, it helps keep me going.”

Well, maybe this will cheer him up: Remember Aria, Fran’s baby whale? Whale tracker Ted Cheeseman received a phone call from a naturalist: “He says, ‘Hey, Ted, I think I’ve seen Aria just now. Can you confirm this?’ And then he texts me a photo. I confirmed. I was like, ‘Yes! So exciting! Aria’s alive!

“Hopefully in a few years’ time, she’ll bring a calf here,” Cheeseman said. “And if we protect them from ship strikes, if we continue to protect them from entanglements, if we continue to protect the healthy ocean, you know, happily ever after, I hope.”

      
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Story produced by Amy Wall. Editor: David Bhagat.

       
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House Ethics Committee to meet Wednesday amid growing pressure to release Gaetz report

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Washington — The House Ethics Committee is set to meet Wednesday as it faces increasing pressure to release a potentially damaging report detailing its investigation into allegations former Florida Rep. Matt Gaetz engaged in sexual misconduct and illicit drug use, two sources told CBS News. 

The movements of the Ethics panel have been under heightened scrutiny since President-elect Donald Trump announced last week that he had selected Gaetz to serve as attorney general. The Florida Republican resigned his seat in the House in the wake of the announcement, which ended the Ethics Committee’s jurisdiction over Gaetz since he is now a former member.

The Ethics Committee declined to comment on the upcoming meeting. The panel was supposed to meet Friday to vote on releasing the report, but Trump tapped Gaetz for the nation’s top law enforcement officer days earlier. The committee then postponed its meeting.

Gaetz must win Senate confirmation to serve as attorney general, and senators have been calling to see the Ethics Committee’s report as they weigh whether to approve his nomination. Any confirmation hearings, which would be conducted by the Senate Judiciary Committee, would not take place until next year after Trump is inaugurated. Republicans will gain control of the upper chamber in the next Congress, which begins Jan. 3.

Sen. John Cornyn, a Texas Republican, told reporters last week that he believes senators should have access to the Ethics Committee’s findings.

“I think there should not be any limitations on the Senate Judiciary Committee’s investigation, including whatever the House Ethics Committee has generated,” said Cornyn, who sits on the Judiciary Committee.

GOP Sen. Markwayne Mullin of Oklahoma, a Trump ally, similarly told NBC’s “Meet the Press” on Sunday that he believes the Senate should be able to see the report on Gaetz.

“Congress has to advise and consent, and Matt Gaetz is going to go through the same scrutiny as every other individual, and I’m going to give him a fair shot, just like every individual, and at the end of the day, the Senate has to confirm him,” he said.

But House Speaker Mike Johnson has cautioned against the release of the report by the Ethics Committee, warning in an interview Sunday that doing so for someone who is not a current House member “would be a Pandora’s box.”

“What I have said with regard to the report is that it should not come out. And why? Because Matt Gaetz resigned from Congress. He is no longer a member,” Johnson told CNN’s “State of the Union.” “There’s a very important protocol and tradition and rule that we maintain that the House Ethics Committee’s jurisdiction does not extend to non-members of Congress.”

The House Ethics Committee first began its investigation into allegations of misconduct against Gaetz in April 2021, but deferred its consideration in response to a request from the Justice Department. It resumed its investigation in May 2023 after federal investigators declined to charge Gaetz following their sex-trafficking and obstruction probe.

Gaetz has denied any wrongdoing and blamed the ethics probe on former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy. He has called the investigation a “smear.” The Florida congressman helped lead the historic effort to strip McCarthy of the speaker’s gavel last year.

The ethics panel said in June that it had spoken with more than a dozen witnesses, issued 25 subpoenas and reviewed thousands of pages of documents as part of its investigation into Gaetz, and determined that “certain allegations merit continued review.” 

The committee said it was examining accusations Gaetz engaged in sexual misconduct and illicit drug use, accepted improper gifts, gave “special privileges and favors” to people close to him and sought to obstruct government investigations into his conduct. 

Multiple sources told CBS News at the time that four women told the Ethics Committee that they had been paid to go to parties, which Gaetz attended, that included sex and drugs. The panel has the Florida Republican’s Venmo transactions that allegedly show payments for the women. One woman who testified to the Ethics Committee said she had sex with Gaetz at a party in 2017, just after he was elected to Congress and when she was 17 years old, sources told CBS News at the time

Her lawyer, John Clune, said on social media last week that she was a high school student and “there were witnesses.” 

“We would support the House Ethics Committee immediately releasing their report,” Clune wrote.



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Two women told House ethics panel Gaetz sent Venmo payments “for sex” and asked about “party favors,” their attorney says

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Two women interviewed by the House Ethics Committee about former GOP Rep. Matt Gaetz of Florida, President-elect Donald Trump’s pick to be attorney general, testified that Gaetz paid them directly and repeatedly in Venmo transactions “for sex,” and that those transactions were obtained by the committee, an attorney for the women told CBS News. The attorney, Joel Leppard, also said the women testified that Gaetz inquired in text messages about “party favors” and “vitamins” at upcoming parties, which was understood to be code for drugs.

Leppard, who is based in Orlando, said his clients testified that they attended parties from 2017 to January 2019 where Gaetz was present and sex and drug use took place. In an interview Monday with CBS News chief Washington correspondent Major Garrett, Leppard said one of his clients testified before the House Ethics Committee that she witnessed Gaetz having sex with a 17-year-old girl against a game table at a July 2017 party. Gaetz was sworn into Congress in January 2017, so all of the events the women allege took place while he was a member of the House. 

Officials with the Trump transition team and attorneys for Gaetz did not respond to requests for comment Monday. One source familiar with Gaetz’s legal position questioned the credibility of the women and argued their recollections would not have withstood cross examination in court, had it come to that.

Gaetz, who has denied all wrongdoing, including having sex with a minor, has blasted the committee’s investigation against him and on Thursday called the testimony about him a “false smear.”

Gaetz’s conduct was also investigated by federal prosecutors, but they ended the probe in 2023 without filing charges.

As the House Ethics Committee weighs whether to release its report, which investigated allegations that Gaetz engaged in sexual misconduct, illicit drug use and bribery, Leppard said his clients want the public to know they are telling the truth. 

One of his clients said in a text to Leppard, “‘Regardless of how many times he tries to distract from the truth, the public deserves to know that what we all experienced was real and actually happened.'”

“My clients are not political; they didn’t vote in the last two elections — they don’t care one way or another,” Leppard told Garrett. “But they do want the public to know that they are not lying. They did not come forward willingly — they have never spoken to anyone without a force of a legal subpoena.”

He continued, “And if the American people would know, then they could decide if that’s the person they want to be the next attorney general.”

One of Leppard’s clients is among at least four women who have told the committee they were paid to attend parties with drugs and sex where Gaetz was present, according to multiple sources familiar with the matter. Her account corroborates the testimony of the then-minor, who told the committee that she had sex with Gaetz when she was 17 years old.

At the July 2017 party where his client alleges this occurred, Leppard said she and others were “at the party in order to provide entertainment, to be happy, to be lively and provide sexual favors for the gentlemen that were present.”

“The expectation was that they would have sexual intercourse,” Leppard said his clients testified about these parties. “They testified to the House that — and the House actually had their Venmo transactions, PayPal transactions, of Representative Gaetz.” 

Leppard said the House panel asked the women about Gaetz’s PayPal and Venmo transactions.

“‘What was this for? What was this for,'” Leppard said his clients were asked. 

“‘This was for sex,'” he said they responded. “‘This was for sex. This was for sex.'”

Leppard said the payments were typically between $200 and $500 at a time. 

He said his clients also testified that sometimes, someone other than Gaetz would make a payment on his behalf. On at least one occasion, according to Leppard, that was Nestor Galban, a Cuban immigrant who is close to Gaetz and whom Gaetz has referred to as his “son.” He said other payments on Gaetz’s behalf were made by Gaetz associate Joel Greenberg, who was convicted in 2022 of sex trafficking of a minor and other crimes.

Leppard said his client who testified that she saw Gaetz having sex with the 17-year-old also told the panel she did not believe Gaetz was aware of her age at the time. 

“My client, at least, testified that he did not know her age,” Leppard said. 

Leppard’s client testified that she knew the 17-year-old girl and her age, and said the two attended high school together. 

His client testified that she had sex with Gaetz after arriving at the July 2017 house party. Later during the party, his client testified, she was walking outside when she saw Gaetz having sex with her friend, the 17-year-old, against the gaming table. 

Leppard said one of his clients provided more than 100 texts involving Gaetz to the committee. Frequently, Leppard said, the texts his client provided showed Gaetz would have to be reminded to pay. 

“There was a lot of texts requesting payment, like, ‘Hey, when are you going to pay me?'” Leppard said. “Or, ‘I don’t want to be that girl, but can you please go ahead and pay me what we agreed upon?’ Text messages along those lines. The texts the House was more interested in was the ones where Representative Gaetz was seemingly requesting that drugs be present.”

“So, in my line of work as a criminal defense attorney, no one ever requests, ‘Can you give me some drugs, please?'” Leppard said. “They usually use code words. And so Representative Gaetz would use terms like, ‘Can you make sure that there are party favors present?’ Or, ‘Who’s in charge of party favors?’ He used the term ‘party favor mecca’ when he was referring to another individual who was bringing party favors. He also used the term ‘vitamins,’ I believe.”

Still, Leppard’s clients told the House panel they could not specifically recall whether they had seen Gaetz use marijuana or other drugs. 

The texts also included a “lot of positive emojis,” Leppard said, like hearts, and “positive statements” back and forth between Gaetz, his clients and others. Leppard characterized the relationship with Gaetz as a complicated one, but also one of friendship, and he also told Garrett that his clients knew Gaetz’s girlfriend at the time. 

“At least one of my clients testified that, in a sense, they were required to please Mr. Gaetz before going out and attending their [Electronic Dance Music] show,” Leppard said of one alleged occasion about which his client testified. “And that was something that was of particular interest to the House. Representative Gaetz’s girlfriend texted them, and they essentially took care of their duties, and later on, they went to see their show.” 

Leppard said his clients have “been through heck” and are worried that if they testify before the Senate or anywhere else publicly, “they might not be safe in their jobs.”  

The House Ethics Committee had planned to vote Friday, Nov. 15, on releasing its report, but the meeting was canceled after Trump announced his intention Wednesday to nominate Gaetz, and then a few hours later, the Florida Republican abruptly resigned from Congress.

House Speaker Mike Johnson said Friday he would “strongly request” that the House Ethics Committee withhold the report on its investigation into Gaetz. The committee has equal representation among Democrats and Republicans — five Democrats and five Republicans. 

Democratic and Republican senators who would vote on Gaetz’s confirmation as attorney general have said they want access to the ethics panel’s report.

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House Ethics Committee may meet on Gaetz report

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House Ethics Committee may meet on Gaetz report – CBS News


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There are reports of a potential gathering of the House Ethics Committee to discuss the investigation into former Florida Rep. Matt Gaetz. CBS News’ Nikole Killion has more on the probe and its findings possibly being made public.

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